Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed, linseed) helps reduce LDL cholesterol

Regular consumption of Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed, linseed), particularly as ground whole flaxseed, may help reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have shown a modest but statistically significant reduction in LDL cholesterol, especially in individuals with elevated cholesterol levels. The cholesterol-lowering effect is thought to result from the combined actions of soluble fiber, lignans, and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which can reduce intestinal cholesterol absorption and improve lipid metabolism. Whole or ground flaxseed appears to be more effective than flaxseed oil alone.

There are no major regulatory agencies (e.g. EMA) or cardiology societies that specifically recommend flaxseed as a treatment for lowering LDL cholesterol. However, several organizations acknowledge its potential benefits as part of a heart-healthy diet.

Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have found that consuming whole or ground flaxseed for several weeks to months produces a modest but statistically significant reduction in LDL cholesterol, particularly in individuals with hypercholesterolemia, postmenopausal women, and those with metabolic risk factors.

• Strong evidence

Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed, linseed) is generally recognized as safe when consumed as a food. Clinical trials using 20–50 g/day of ground flaxseed for several weeks to one year have reported good tolerability, with gastrointestinal symptoms being the most common adverse effects.